Building Models With Swiss-Model
Swiss-Model is an automated model server created by Manuel C. Peitsch
and Nicolas Guex of the Glaxo Wellcome research centre in Geneva.
How does it work?
Essentially Swiss-Model automates the procedure described above.
Full
details are available at the Swiss-Model web site. Swiss-Model
generates a model in 5 steps:
- A BLAST search finds known structures from the PDB which are
similar to the target sequence
- From this set, parent template structures are identified which
have >25% sequence identity with the target sequences and consist
of at least 20 residues. In addition unrelated template regions are
identified for domains which cannot be modelled in the basis of
related parents.
- Input control files are generated from these results for the
ProModII program which actually generates the models.
- ProModII is run to create models. To build the core, this averages
the templates weighting the average by local sequence
similarity. Non-conserved loops are constructed by searching the PDB
for loop regions which could be accomodated on the framework. Regions
which fit the framework and don't clash with other regions are sorted
based on their fit to the framework and the top 5 are accepted as
possible solutions. This procedure only builds the C-alpha atoms; the
rest of the backbone atoms are built from a library of overlapping
runs of 5 residues constructed from high-resolution structures.
Sidechains are then constructed from a rotamer library.
- A molecular mechanics program (Gromos96) is used to energy
minimise the resulting models.
How do I use Swiss-Model?
There are a number of different ways to use Swiss-Model depending
on how much control you want over the modelling procedure:
- Completely automated mode This is used for a first approach
to modelling. You simply enter either a Swiss-Prot code or an amino
acid sequence.
- Automated with specified templates As the first approach,
but allows you to specify which PDB structures should be used as
templates rather than allowing Swiss-Model to make the choice.
- Optimise mode Allows the user to select the templates and
specify the alignment of the sequence to be modelled with the
template(s).
Access to Swiss-Model
- Swiss-Model main page Access to all of
Swiss-Model and its documentation
- Completely automated first modelling approach
No-intervention modelling. Good when there is a very high sequence
identity parent template available and required as a first pass for
more interventionist modelling. From this page you can also specify
the template(s) to be used.
- Template search Performs only the first BLAST
template search allowing you to select templates rather than relying
on Swiss-Model's automated selection. Each template may be viewed with
Rasmol and saved to local disk.
- Web optimise modeAn
experimental interface letting you specify the templates and the
alignment.